Multi-Factor Authentication: Implementation Strategies for Enterprises

Why Passwords Alone Are Not Enough

Passwords are stolen, reused across services, and cracked by brute force. Adding a second factor means an attacker who steals a password still cannot log in without the user’s device or biometric.

MFA Method Comparison

• TOTP Apps (Google Authenticator): Time-based one-time passwords. Secure and free, but can be phished.
• Hardware Keys (FIDO2/WebAuthn): Phishing-resistant. The gold standard for high-risk accounts.
• Push Notifications: Easy UX, but vulnerable to MFA fatigue attacks.
• SMS OTP: Weak — susceptible to SIM-swapping. Avoid for sensitive systems.